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A Microfluidic Chip for ICPMS Sample Introduction
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Microfluidic-Integrated Chip Resonators for Electron Spin Sensing in Submicromolar, Submicroliter Solutions.

Nandita Abhyankar1,2, Megan A Catterton3,2, Gregory A Cooksey2

  • 1Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States.

Analytical Chemistry
|October 15, 2024
PubMed
Summary

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New microfluidic devices enable stable, long-term storage and analysis of nanoliter-scale samples for electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. These innovations enhance sensitivity and sample handling for magnetic resonance applications.

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Microfluidics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Planar microresonators reduce sample volumes for magnetic resonance spectroscopies to the nanoliter scale.
  • Interrogating nanoliter samples on planar sensors is challenging due to the lack of microfluidic devices offering small volume and long-term stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop microfluidic devices for submicroliter sample volumes with long-term physical stability and storability.
  • To integrate these microfluidics with planar sensors for enhanced electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy.
  • To demonstrate a 3D-printed microfluidic with self-contained actuation for sample retraction and storage.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of microfluidic devices using laser cutting or 3D printing.

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  • Integration with planar inverse anapole (PIA) microresonators.
  • Acquisition of continuous wave (CW) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra of nitroxide radicals.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated microfluidic devices with submicroliter total volume and long-term sample stability.
    • Achieved a concentration sensitivity of 330 ± 40 nmol L⁻¹ and a limit of 800 ± 100 nmol L⁻¹/mT√Hz.
    • Confirmed an active sample volume of no greater than 30 nL.

    Conclusions:

    • Developed innovative microfluidic devices for stable, dead-volume-free placement of nanoliter-scale solutions on planar sensors.
    • Significantly advanced the sensitivity of EPR spectroscopy through microfluidic integration.
    • Enabled long-term storage and handling of small-volume samples for magnetic resonance applications.