A novel multifunctional PEEK internal fixation plate regulated by Gentamicin/chitosan coating

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Orthopedic Surgery
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is widely used in orthopedic implants but its bioinert nature can lead to implant loosening and infection.
• Addressing these limitations is crucial for improving patient outcomes in orthopedic and trauma surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a multi-functionalized PEEK internal fixation plate by coating it with a drug-laden chitosan (CS) layer.
• To evaluate the physical, antibacterial, biocompatibility, and osteogenic properties of the modified PEEK composite (CG-SPEEK).

Main Methods:

• A drug-laden chitosan coating was applied to a porous PEEK surface to create CG-SPEEK.
• Comprehensive characterization included morphology, hydrophilicity, surface energy, roughness, drug release, and mechanical testing.
• In vitro studies assessed antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and biocompatibility/osteogenic activity with bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs).
• In vivo studies evaluated bone regeneration and anti-infection effects.

Main Results:

• CG-SPEEK demonstrated superior antibacterial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli compared to control groups.
• The composite coating exhibited enhanced biocompatibility and promoted osteogenic activity in BMSCs in vitro.
• In vivo studies indicated that CG-SPEEK promoted bone regeneration and provided a certain degree of infection control.

Conclusions:

• The developed drug-laden chitosan coating (CG-SPEEK) effectively enhances the functionality of PEEK implants.
• This multi-functionalization strategy shows significant potential for clinical application in orthopedic and trauma surgery by combating infection and promoting bone healing.