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Updated: Jun 10, 2025

Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia
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Published on: September 18, 2013

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Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Induced Proteinuria - A Review

J S Gayathri1, S Swathi Krishna1, M P Rakesh2

  • 1Department of Pharmacy Practice, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Health Science Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi, India.

Drug Research
|October 15, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) treat cancers but can cause proteinuria by damaging kidney structures. This review details TKI action, kidney damage mechanisms, and management strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nephrology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) are crucial targeted therapies for various cancers, including lung, breast, kidney, and colon cancer.
  • TKIs function by inhibiting tyrosine kinases (TK), which are vital for tumor cell proliferation and signal transduction.
  • While effective, TKIs are associated with adverse effects, notably proteinuria, impacting patient treatment and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism of action of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs).
  • To review the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying TKI-induced proteinuria.
  • To discuss current management strategies for TKI-induced proteinuria.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of TKI mechanisms.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological pathways leading to TKI-induced kidney damage.
  • Synthesis of clinical data on proteinuria management in patients on TKIs.

Main Results:

  • TKIs interfere with critical signaling pathways, leading to anti-neoplastic effects.
  • TKI-induced proteinuria can stem from podocyte injury, glomerular basement membrane alterations, acute interstitial nephritis, or acute tubular necrosis.
  • Proteinuria management involves dose adjustment, supportive care, and potentially discontinuation of TKI therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding TKI action is key to managing their side effects.
  • TKI-induced proteinuria is a significant concern requiring careful monitoring and intervention.
  • Effective management strategies are essential for optimizing cancer treatment with TKIs while mitigating renal risks.

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