Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane01:28

The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

3.3K
The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria.  In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...
3.3K
Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration01:27

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration

3.4K
Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
3.4K
Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

Mitochondrial Membranes

9.1K
A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
9.1K
Calmodulin-dependent Signaling01:16

Calmodulin-dependent Signaling

5.1K
Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
5.1K
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

12.1K
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
12.1K
Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Calcium Channel Blockers01:18

Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Calcium Channel Blockers

468
Calcium ions are essential to contract smooth muscle cells in blood vessels. They enter these cells through voltage-dependent calcium channels, specifically L-type calcium channels in the cell membrane. These L-type calcium channels are integral to the excitation-contraction coupling process in smooth muscle. When a stimulus is received by smooth muscle cells, their membrane depolarizes. This alteration in membrane potential instigates the opening of L-type calcium channels. As a result,...
468

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Elevated mitochondrial Ca<sup>2+</sup> impairs satellite cell pool expansion in response to skeletal muscle injury.

Stem cell reports·2026
Same author

Adaptation to Elevated Mitochondrial Calcium Is Distinct in the Left and Right Ventricles.

Circulation research·2025
Same author

TRPML1 signaling at lysosomes-mitochondria nexus drives triple-negative breast cancer mitophagy, metabolic reprogramming and chemoresistance.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Elucidating cancer cachexia-mediated aberrant cardiac wasting signaling in human iPSC-derived cardiac muscle.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Mitochondrial oxidative stress, calcium and dynamics in cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion injury.

The Journal of physiology·2025
Same author

Effect of cardiomyocyte-specific lipid phosphate phosphatase 3 overexpression on high-fat diet-induced cardiometabolic dysfunction in mice.

American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2025

Analyses of Mitochondrial Calcium Influx in Isolated Mitochondria and Cultured Cells
08:29

Analyses of Mitochondrial Calcium Influx in Isolated Mitochondria and Cultured Cells

Published on: April 27, 2018

13.8K

MICUs protect the heart by regulating mitochondrial calcium.

Ulas Ozkurede1, Shanmugasundaram Pakkiriswami1, Julia C Liu1

  • 1Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
|October 15, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Mitochondrial calcium uptake (mtCU) complex regulation is vital for heart function. MICU1 and MICU2 subunits maintain cardiac mitochondrial calcium homeostasis, offering therapeutic targets for heart disease.

Keywords:
EMREMCUMICU1MICU2calciumheartmitochondria

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Uncovering the Role of Mitochondrial Calcium Phosphate in Heart Failure and Bioenergetics
07:03

Author Spotlight: Uncovering the Role of Mitochondrial Calcium Phosphate in Heart Failure and Bioenergetics

Published on: August 23, 2024

675
Simultaneous Measurement of Mitochondrial Calcium and Mitochondrial Membrane Potential in Live Cells by Fluorescent Microscopy
08:43

Simultaneous Measurement of Mitochondrial Calcium and Mitochondrial Membrane Potential in Live Cells by Fluorescent Microscopy

Published on: January 24, 2017

18.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2025

Analyses of Mitochondrial Calcium Influx in Isolated Mitochondria and Cultured Cells
08:29

Analyses of Mitochondrial Calcium Influx in Isolated Mitochondria and Cultured Cells

Published on: April 27, 2018

13.8K
Author Spotlight: Uncovering the Role of Mitochondrial Calcium Phosphate in Heart Failure and Bioenergetics
07:03

Author Spotlight: Uncovering the Role of Mitochondrial Calcium Phosphate in Heart Failure and Bioenergetics

Published on: August 23, 2024

675
Simultaneous Measurement of Mitochondrial Calcium and Mitochondrial Membrane Potential in Live Cells by Fluorescent Microscopy
08:43

Simultaneous Measurement of Mitochondrial Calcium and Mitochondrial Membrane Potential in Live Cells by Fluorescent Microscopy

Published on: January 24, 2017

18.9K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Mitochondrial Physiology
  • Molecular Cardiology

Background:

  • Mitochondrial calcium uptake is essential for cardiac function and cellular energy production.
  • The mitochondrial calcium uniporter (mtCU) complex regulates calcium entry into mitochondria.
  • Dysregulation of mitochondrial calcium contributes to heart disease pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of MICU1 and MICU2 subunits in regulating cardiac mitochondrial calcium uptake.
  • To elucidate the contribution of MICU1 and MICU2 to cardiac calcium homeostasis.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for heart disease based on mtCU complex regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized molecular biology techniques to study MICU1 and MICU2 function in cardiac mitochondria.
  • Assessed mitochondrial calcium uptake dynamics in cardiac models.
  • Analyzed the impact of MICU1/MICU2 modulation on mitochondrial calcium homeostasis.

Main Results:

  • Hasan et al. demonstrated that MICU1 and MICU2 are key regulators of the mtCU complex in the heart.
  • These subunits play a critical role in maintaining calcium homeostasis within cardiac mitochondria.
  • The study identified specific mechanisms by which MICU1 and MICU2 influence mitochondrial calcium buffering.

Conclusions:

  • MICU1 and MICU2 are crucial for normal cardiac mitochondrial calcium handling.
  • Targeting MICU1 and MICU2 offers a promising therapeutic strategy for improving mitochondrial function in heart disease.
  • Understanding mtCU complex regulation provides insights into novel treatments for cardiovascular conditions.