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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
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Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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Induction of Invasive Transitional Cell Bladder Carcinoma in Immune Intact Human MUC1 Transgenic Mice: A Model for Immunotherapy Development
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Immunotherapy in Basal Cell Carcinoma.

Loredana Ungureanu1,2, Alina Florentina Vasilovici1,2, Salomea-Ruth Halmágyi2,3

  • 1Department of Dermatology, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|October 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) treatments include topical imiquimod for low-risk cases, showing high clearance but more side effects. Advanced BCCs may benefit from systemic immunotherapies, though results vary.

Keywords:
basal cell carcinomacheck point inhibitorsimiquimodimmunotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Dermatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cancer, with rising incidence.
  • Standard treatment is surgical excision, but alternatives exist for specific BCC types.
  • Advanced, unresectable, or metastatic BCCs may require systemic therapies like hedgehog inhibitors and immunotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy of local and systemic immunotherapies in managing BCC.
  • To highlight the role of imiquimod and other local immunomodulatory agents.
  • To assess the effectiveness of systemic immunotherapies, including PD-L1 inhibitors, in advanced BCC.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on local and systemic immunotherapies for BCC.
  • Analysis of studies evaluating imiquimod, interferons, and Interleukin-2.
  • Examination of outcomes for programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in advanced BCC.

Main Results:

  • Imiquimod demonstrates high histological clearance rates for superficial and low-risk nodular BCCs but is associated with more adverse events.
  • Local therapies like imiquimod can be used alone or as an adjuvant to procedures like Mohs surgery, with some comparable to surgical outcomes.
  • Systemic PD-L1 inhibitors show variable efficacy in advanced BCC, particularly in patients who progressed on or were intolerant to hedgehog pathway inhibitors (HHI).

Conclusions:

  • Local immunotherapies, especially imiquimod, offer treatment options for specific BCC types, balancing efficacy and tolerability.
  • Systemic immunotherapies represent an evolving treatment modality for advanced BCC, with ongoing research into optimizing their use.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role and optimal application of various immunotherapeutic strategies in BCC management.