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Recurrent Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack: Risk of Single and Multiple Recurrence.
Moon-Ho Park1, Sang-Hun Lee1, Jin-Man Jung1
1Department of Neurology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan 15355, Republic of Korea.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|October 16, 2024
Summary
Recurrent stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) risk factors differ based on single or multiple events. Male sex, hypertension, diabetes, and cerebral microbleeds are key indicators for recurrence.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Primary and secondary stroke/TIA prevention are established, but recurrent events receive less focus.
- Understanding risk factors for recurrent stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) is crucial for improved patient outcomes.
- This study addresses the gap in knowledge regarding predictors of multiple or single recurrent stroke/TIA.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the distinct risk factors associated with single versus multiple recurrent strokes or TIAs.
- To identify clinical features that predict the likelihood of recurrent cerebrovascular events.
- To inform targeted prevention strategies for patients at high risk of stroke or TIA recurrence.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of data from 3646 patients with ischemic stroke or TIA from a prospective institutional registry.
- Utilized bivariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to assess associations.
- Data collected from March 2014 to December 2021 at Korea University Ansan Hospital Stroke Center.
Main Results:
- Recurrent stroke/TIA associated with male sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, TIA as etiologic subtype, white matter changes, and cerebral microbleeds.
- Multiple recurrent stroke/TIA specifically linked to male sex, diabetes mellitus, and anemia.
- Adjusted hazard ratios indicated significant associations for these identified risk factors.
Conclusions:
- Risk factor profiles for recurrent stroke or TIA vary significantly between single and multiple recurrence events.
- Identified factors like male sex, diabetes, and specific comorbidities serve as prognostic indicators.
- These findings highlight the need for tailored risk stratification and management strategies for stroke/TIA survivors.
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