Nutrigenetic Investigations in Preeclampsia

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Nutrigenetics
• Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

• Preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal and fetal complications.
• Overweight and poor nutrition (calcium, folic acid, vitamin D) are known risk factors.
• Genetic predispositions, including gene polymorphisms, are increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the literature on the relationship between genetic polymorphisms, body mass index (BMI), and nutrient levels in preeclampsia.
• To identify actionable therapeutic and dietary strategies for preeclampsia prevention and management.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of existing studies.
• Analysis of research on the nutrigenetic links between BMI, micronutrients, and preeclampsia.

Main Results:

• 17 studies examined 12 genes related to BMI; 10 studies explored 3 genes related to micronutrients.
• Specific gene polymorphisms showed associations with preeclampsia, influenced by maternal BMI and vitamin levels.
• Interactions suggest BMI and nutrient status may modify preeclampsia risk in genetically susceptible individuals.

Conclusions:

• Reanalyzing data by genotype and nutrient status can inform personalized recommendations.
• Tailored nutritional counseling, supported by genetic information, may mitigate preeclampsia risk.
• Future research should focus on integrating genetic and nutritional data for targeted interventions.