Group VA Aromatic Thiosemicarbazone Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, Biological Activity, and Topological...

Area of Science:

• Coordination Chemistry
• Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry
• Materials Science

Background:

• Thiosemicarbazone complexes with metal ions exhibit enhanced antiproliferative and antibacterial activities.
• The coordination structure of metal thiosemicarbazone complexes is a critical factor influencing their biological activity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize and characterize novel antimony (III) and bismuth (III) thiosemicarbazone complexes.
• To investigate the biological effects, including cytotoxic and antibacterial activities, of these new complexes.
• To correlate the observed biological activities with the unique coordination structures and geometrical arrangements determined by X-ray analysis.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis of three new antimony (III) and bismuth (III) thiosemicarbazone complexes.
• Structural elucidation using X-ray structure analysis and Atoms-In-Molecules (AIM) topological analysis.
• In vitro evaluation of cytotoxic activity against human adenocarcinoma cervical cancer (HeLa) cells.
• Screening of antibacterial activity against Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria.

Main Results:

• Three novel complexes with distinct coordination spheres and geometries were successfully synthesized and characterized.
• The study identified unique binding modes within a single crystal structure of antimony (III) halide complexes.
• One antimony (III) complex demonstrated significant in vitro cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells, showing it to be the most active in this study.
• All synthesized complexes exhibited notable antibacterial activity, particularly against Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.

Conclusions:

• The structural diversity and coordination modes of antimony (III) and bismuth (III) thiosemicarbazone complexes significantly influence their biological properties.
• The characterized antimony (III) complex holds promise as a potential therapeutic agent against cervical cancer.
• The observed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria warrants further investigation for potential antimicrobial applications.