Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 10, 2025
16:43
Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Subdomains in Cultured Cells
Published on: February 18, 2014
13.0K
Dynamic Localization of Endoplasmic Reticulum during Tetrahymena Conjugation
Sabrice Guerrier1, Michael Patterson2, Kaitlin Crofton1
1Department of Biology, Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida, United States.
Micropublication Biology
|October 16, 2024
Summary
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) was visualized during Tetrahymena mating, localizing to membrane fusion sites. This study introduces TtRET1-GFP as a novel live cell marker for ER in Tetrahymena.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Membrane Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Membrane fusion during Tetrahymena mating involves lipid composition changes.
- The endoplasmic reticulum's (ER) role and localization at these sites remain unconfirmed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To visualize the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) distribution during Tetrahymena mating.
- To validate TtRET1-GFP as a novel live cell marker for the ER.
Main Methods:
- Utilized live cell imaging with TtRET1-GFP and GFP-KDEL markers.
- Observed ER localization at membrane fusion sites during Tetrahymena mating.
Main Results:
- Both TtRET1-GFP and GFP-KDEL localized to perinuclear membranes and connecting tubular structures at fusion sites.
- ER markers disappeared from parental macronuclei post-zygotic macronuclei emergence.
Conclusions:
- TtRET1-GFP effectively labels the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in Tetrahymena.
- ER is present at membrane fusion sites during Tetrahymena mating, supporting its role in lipid dynamics.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:28Protein Translocation Machinery on the ER Membrane
4.5K
The translocon complex situated on the ER membrane is the main gateway for the protein secretory pathway. It facilitates the transport of nascent peptides into the ER lumen and their insertion into the ER membrane.
Sec61 protein conducting channel
In eukaryotes, the translocon complex comprises a core heterotrimeric translocator channel called the Sec61 complex. This channel includes three transmembrane proteins, Sec61α, Sec61β, and Sec61γ, and is the largest subunit of the...
Sec61 protein conducting channel
In eukaryotes, the translocon complex comprises a core heterotrimeric translocator channel called the Sec61 complex. This channel includes three transmembrane proteins, Sec61α, Sec61β, and Sec61γ, and is the largest subunit of the...
4.5K
01:43The Endoplasmic Reticulum
12.2K
The endoplasmic reticulum or ER makes up for more than half of the membranes in a cell and accounts for 10% of total cell volume. It is also the primary protein and lipid synthesis factory for most cell organelles, such as the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, secretory vesicles, and the plasma membrane. Despite being the most extensive and functionally complex subcellular organelle, ER was the last to be discovered. After years of deliberation, Keith Porter and George Palade in the year 1954,...
12.2K
01:45Tail-anchoring of Proteins in the ER Membrane
3.1K
Tail-anchored, or TA, proteins are estimated to make up to 3-5% of membrane proteins found in the eukaryotic cell. Such proteins have a single transmembrane domain located approximately 30 amino acid residues upstream from the C-terminal end. As a result, the signal recognition particle (SRP) cannot guide a TA protein to the ER membrane for cotranslational insertion. Hence, they are integrated into the ER membrane post-translationally using their C-terminal end as the anchor. TA proteins...
3.1K
01:20Cotranslational Protein Translocation
7.2K
Translocation of proteins across membranes is an ancient process that occurs even in bacteria and archaebacteria. In fact, the components of the translocation machinery are still conserved between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Sec61 channel partners for cotranslational translocation
During cotranslational translocation, the Sec61 channel partners with the signal recognition particle (SRP), the signal recognition particle receptor (SR), and the ribosomes to transport the nascent polypeptide chain...
Sec61 channel partners for cotranslational translocation
During cotranslational translocation, the Sec61 channel partners with the signal recognition particle (SRP), the signal recognition particle receptor (SR), and the ribosomes to transport the nascent polypeptide chain...
7.2K
02:33Distribution of Cytoplasmic Content
4.0K
Cytokinesis segregates a cell’s chromosomes and organelles into its daughter cells. Organelles divide and grow prior to cell division but cannot be synthesized de novo; therefore, cells must receive at least one copy of each organelle to survive. Currently, many of the details of how the organelles are distributed are not yet fully elucidated.
Distribution of cytoplasmic determinants
The cytoplasm contains various organelles, as well as salts, proteins, and water. The distribution of...
Distribution of cytoplasmic determinants
The cytoplasm contains various organelles, as well as salts, proteins, and water. The distribution of...
4.0K
01:27Post-translational Translocation of Proteins to the RER
5.6K
A sizable fraction of proteins destined for ER are first synthesized in the cell cytosol and then transported across the ER membrane–a process called post-translational translocation. Similar to cotranslationally translocated proteins, these proteins also use the Sec translocon complex to enter the ER lumen.
Targeting proteins to the ER
Hsp40 and Hsp70 chaperone molecules bind the translated proteins in the cytosol to prevent their folding. The chaperone binding helps to keep the signal...
Targeting proteins to the ER
Hsp40 and Hsp70 chaperone molecules bind the translated proteins in the cytosol to prevent their folding. The chaperone binding helps to keep the signal...
5.6K