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Affective polarization is uniformly distributed across American States
Derek E Holliday1, Yphtach Lelkes2, Sean J Westwood3
1Department of Political Science, Stanford University, 616 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
PNAS Nexus
|October 16, 2024
Summary
Affective polarization, the growing negativity between US partisans, is a national issue. State-level differences are small, driven mainly by individual attitudes, not demographics or regional factors.
Area of Science:
- Political Science
- Social Psychology
- American Politics
Background:
- Growing negativity between US political partisans is a significant trend.
- Explanations often focus on national cross-cutting forces like partisan sorting and media.
- Contextual and institutional factors are also considered potential drivers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To map the extent of partisan animosity across US states with granular data.
- To investigate the primary drivers of affective polarization at the state level.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a massive, nationally representative survey.
- Analyzed data with sufficient granularity to map state-level partisan animosity.
Main Results:
- Found relatively small variation in affective polarization across US states.
- Determined that individual-level attitudinal characteristics are the primary drivers, not demographics.
- Affective polarization is a national, not regional, phenomenon.
Conclusions:
- Affective polarization is a widespread national problem, not confined to specific regions.
- Interventions to address partisan animosity should be national in scope.
- Individual attitudes are more influential than state-level contextual factors.
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