Molecular Insight into Obesity-Associated Nephropathy: Clinical Implications and Possible Strategies for its...

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Endocrinology
• Metabolic Diseases

Background:

• Obesity is a global health crisis linked to numerous diseases, including chronic kidney disease (CKD).
• Obesity-associated nephropathy (OAN) is a growing concern, contributing significantly to CKD prevalence and severity.
• Understanding the molecular pathways of OAN is crucial for effective clinical management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the molecular mechanisms driving obesity-associated nephropathy (OAN).
• To explore the clinical implications and manifestations of OAN.
• To review current and emerging management strategies for OAN.

Main Methods:

• Review of molecular mechanisms involving insulin resistance, inflammation, and hormonal systems in OAN.
• Analysis of clinical data on proteinuria, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and progression to CKD.
• Evaluation of therapeutic interventions including lifestyle changes and pharmacological agents.

Main Results:

• OAN pathogenesis involves insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, inflammation, and RAAS activation, leading to glomerular hyperfiltration and hypertension.
• Clinical signs of OAN include proteinuria and reduced GFR, often progressing to CKD.
• Weight loss, GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, and RAAS inhibitors show promise in managing OAN.

Conclusions:

• Obesity-associated nephropathy is a complex condition driven by metabolic and hormonal dysregulation.
• Early detection and multifaceted management, including lifestyle and targeted pharmacotherapy, are vital for preserving kidney function.
• Further research into OAN mechanisms can lead to improved renoprotective strategies.