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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2025

Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source

Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source

Published on: April 4, 2017

Exponentially tighter bounds on limitations of quantum error mitigation.

Yihui Quek^1,2, Daniel Stilck França^1,3,4, Sumeet Khatri¹

¹Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

|October 17, 2024

Summary

Quantum error mitigation faces limitations for larger systems. Estimating noiseless values requires many samples, even at shallow circuit depths, due to noise-induced scrambling.

Keywords:

Computational science Information theory and computation Quantum information Qubits

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Last Updated: Jun 10, 2025

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Area of Science:

Quantum Computing
Quantum Information Science

Background:

Quantum error mitigation aims to reduce noise in near-term quantum computers.
Current methods show success but have resource limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify limitations of quantum error mitigation for larger systems.
To rigorously analyze existing error mitigation schemes.

Main Methods:

Framing error mitigation as a statistical inference problem.
Analyzing the sample complexity for estimating noiseless observables.

Main Results:

Superpolynomial samples are needed in worst-case scenarios, even at shallow circuit depths.
Noise-induced scrambling can occur at exponentially smaller depths than previously expected.
Noise impacts quantum machine learning and variational quantum algorithms.

Conclusions:

Quantum error mitigation has fundamental limitations for scaling.
Noise poses significant challenges for near-term quantum applications and achieving quantum speedups.