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Measurement instruments for perspective-taking: BEME Review No. 91
Elsemarijn L Leijenaar1, Megan M Milota1, Johannes J M van Delden1
1Department of Bioethics and Health Humanities, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Medical Teacher
|October 17, 2024
Summary
This review identifies instruments for measuring perspective-taking in education and healthcare. It highlights a need for validated tools to assess this crucial skill for person-centered care.
Area of Science:
- Healthcare Education
- Empathy Research
- Psychometrics
Background:
- Perspective-taking is vital for person-centered care and linked to cognitive empathy.
- While educational interventions exist, a comprehensive overview of measurement tools is missing.
- Understanding current assessment methods is crucial for advancing healthcare education.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a scoping review of instruments measuring perspective-taking.
- To identify tools used across diverse educational and healthcare settings.
- To provide insight into the current landscape of perspective-taking measurement.
Main Methods:
- Systematic search across seven databases.
- Screening of 60 eligible articles by multiple authors.
- Categorization of instruments into psychometric, qualitative, and indirect methods.
Main Results:
- Five independent psychometric scales and three subscales were identified, mostly self-report.
- Qualitative methods included interviews, written responses, and think-aloud procedures.
- Indirect instruments were repurposed tools, and only one scale used patient-reported assessment.
Conclusions:
- The review offers insight into perspective-taking measurement approaches.
- A significant gap exists in independent psychometric and systematic qualitative tools.
- Future research must focus on developing and validating new measurement instruments for healthcare education.
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