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Updated: Jun 10, 2025

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Anatomic Patterns of Distribution of the Renal Arteries' Origin from the Aorta

Daniela Mazzaccaro1, Dor Mordehay Avishay1, Paolo C Righini1

  • 1Operative Unit of Vascular Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy.

Annals of Vascular Surgery
|October 17, 2024
PubMed

Insights

The left renal artery exhibits significant anatomical variability in both males and females. Increased aortic diameter correlates with altered renal artery orientation and position relative to aortic landmarks.

Area of Science:

  • Anatomical studies
  • Vascular imaging
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Characterizing variations in renal artery origin from the aorta is crucial for surgical planning and understanding vascular anomalies.
  • Computed tomography angiography (CTA) provides detailed visualization of the thoracoabdominal vasculature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To anatomically characterize the origin and course of renal arteries from the aorta using CTA.
  • To investigate potential gender-related differences in renal artery anatomy.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 600 thoracoabdominal CTAs from patients with nondilated aortas, aortic aneurysms involving visceral/renal vessels, or abdominal aortic aneurysms.
  • Measurement of renal artery diameter, emergence angles (axial and craniocaudal), mutual distances, and distances to the superior mesenteric artery and aortic bifurcation.
  • Statistical analysis including Shapiro-Wilk, ANOVA, and Pearson's Correlation tests.

Main Results:

  • The clock position of the right renal artery (RRA) showed a Gaussian distribution with a mean axial angle of -61.5° ± 16.6°.
  • A negative correlation was observed between left renal artery (LRA) parameters and aortic diameter.
  • Longitudinal distances from landmarks to renal arteries positively correlated with aortic diameter.

Conclusions:

  • The left renal artery (LRA) demonstrates considerable anatomical variability in both sexes.
  • Enlargement of the juxtarenal/infrarenal aorta is associated with a more horizontal coronal course, acute clock-position, and increased longitudinal distances of renal vessels from the aortic bifurcation.
Abstract

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