Wastewater treatment plants circular performance models evaluation: Portugal case-study

Area of Science:

• Environmental Science
• Resource Management
• Circular Economy

Background:

• Increasing population and economic growth drive resource consumption, stressing ecosystems.
• Water is a fundamental resource requiring sustainable management and circular economy (CE) principles.
• Current wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) need transformation into resource recovery facilities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe and evaluate existing frameworks for measuring the circularity of WWTPs.
• To provide a matrix for assessing the current state, challenges, and strategies for WWTPs in a CE transition.
• To support decision-making amidst uncertainties like climate change and population growth.

Main Methods:

• Review and evaluation of existing circularity assessment frameworks for WWTPs.
• Development of a conceptual matrix for strategic assessment and planning.
• Analysis of factors influencing WWTP transformation towards resource recovery.

Main Results:

• Existing frameworks for assessing WWTP circularity were identified and evaluated.
• A strategic matrix was proposed to guide the transition of WWTPs.
• The study highlights the need for adaptable and flexible WWTP management.

Conclusions:

• WWTPs must evolve from treatment units to resource recovery facilities to align with CE principles.
• A structured assessment approach is necessary to navigate the complexities of sustainable water management.
• Integrating CE into the water sector is crucial for ecological balance and resource security.