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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Neurocysticercosis (NCC) accounts for approximately 30% of active epilepsy cases in endemic regions like India.
  • Understanding the socioeconomic determinants of NCC is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies.
  • Previous research indicates a potential link between socioeconomic status and NCC prevalence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare socioeconomic risk factors between patients with Neurocysticercosis (NCC) and a control group without NCC.
  • To identify specific modifiable factors associated with NCC in the study population.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 100 adult NCC patients and age- and sex-matched controls.
  • Data collection through interviews using a preset proforma.
  • Statistical analysis to compare demographic and socioeconomic variables between groups.

Main Results:

  • NCC patients exhibited significantly lower education levels (53% vs. 42%) and lower socioeconomic status compared to controls.
  • Poor hand hygiene practices were more prevalent in the NCC group.
  • Consumption of contaminated, undercooked vegetables was markedly higher in NCC cases (40% vs. 1%), with statistical significance (P < 0.0001).
  • Open defecation practices were also more common among NCC patients.

Conclusions:

  • Lower education, reduced socioeconomic status, poor hand hygiene, and consumption of undercooked contaminated vegetables are significant risk factors for NCC.
  • These identified factors are modifiable, suggesting that targeted social interventions can effectively reduce NCC incidence.
  • Public health initiatives focusing on hygiene, education, and food safety are recommended to control NCC in India.