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Role of Serum Magnesium on Insulin Resistance in Overweight and Obese Children

Sowmya Gadiparthi1, Siddarameshwar Kalyanshettar1, Mallanagouda Patil1

  • 1Pediatrics, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, IND.

Cureus
|October 21, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Low serum magnesium levels are linked to childhood obesity and insulin resistance. This study found lower magnesium in overweight children, highlighting its importance in metabolic health.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Metabolic Health

Background:

  • Childhood obesity is a growing global epidemic with serious health consequences.
  • Low serum magnesium levels are increasingly linked to obesity and insulin resistance.
  • Understanding this relationship is crucial for early intervention in pediatric metabolic disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between serum magnesium levels and obesity in children aged 5-16 years.
  • To compare magnesium levels in overweight/obese children versus healthy controls.
  • To determine the association between insulin resistance and decreased serum magnesium in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • A 1.5-year cross-sectional comparative study was conducted at a tertiary hospital.
  • Participants included overweight/obese children (cases) and age/gender-matched healthy controls.
  • Assessments involved clinical evaluation and fasting blood tests for insulin resistance indices and serum magnesium.

Main Results:

  • Overweight children exhibited significantly lower mean serum magnesium levels compared to controls (1.03 mEq/l vs. 1.85 mEq/l, p<0.001).
  • Higher anthropometric measures (BMI, body fat percentage) correlated with lower magnesium.
  • Cases showed higher fasting insulin, HOMA-IR index, and unfavorable lipid profiles.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights a significant association between low serum magnesium and obesity in children.
  • Magnesium levels are important indicators for assessing insulin resistance in overweight and obese pediatric populations.
  • Monitoring magnesium status may aid in managing metabolic complications associated with childhood obesity.

Keywords:
childhood obesityhomainsulinmagnesiumoverweight

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