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Related Concept Videos

Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

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The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
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Active versus Passive Immunity01:31

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Immunity, along with the ability to limit pathogen growth to prevent significant body tissue damage, can be gained either by (1) actively developing an immune response within the individual after exposure to a pathogen or after getting vaccinated or (2) passively transferring immune components from an immune individual to one who is nonimmune. Both these forms of immunity can be found naturally and in medical practices.
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Transcytosis of IgG01:15

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Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
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Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

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Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus
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Maternal Immunization.

Hye-Kyung Cho1, Collrane Frivold2,3, Helen Y Chu2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|October 21, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Maternal vaccines protect pregnant individuals and infants from diseases like SARS-CoV-2 and influenza. Enhancing vaccine uptake requires addressing hesitancy and improving clinical trial data for pregnant populations.

Keywords:
immunizationinfantspregnancysafetyvaccine

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Pregnant individuals and infants face risks from vaccine-preventable diseases, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza.
  • Maternal vaccination offers dual protection, safeguarding both the mother and the developing infant.
  • Vaccine hesitancy and limited inclusion in clinical trials pose challenges to widespread maternal immunization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the benefits and challenges of maternal vaccination during pregnancy.
  • To highlight the safety and efficacy of recommended vaccines for pregnant individuals.
  • To discuss the development of new vaccines targeting pathogens like group B Streptococcus (GBS).

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on maternal vaccination.
  • Analysis of vaccine safety and efficacy data in pregnant populations.
  • Examination of current recommendations and future vaccine development.

Main Results:

  • Inactivated vaccines are generally safe and effective during pregnancy.
  • Vaccines such as tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap), influenza, and SARS-CoV-2 are recommended.
  • New vaccines for GBS and cytomegalovirus are in development, with GBS vaccine being most advanced.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal immunization is crucial for protecting mothers and infants from infectious diseases.
  • Addressing vaccine hesitancy and increasing trial participation are key to improving vaccine uptake.
  • Continued research and development of maternal vaccines are essential for public health.