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Calculating Relatedness: A Pedigree of Definitions.

Matishalin Patel¹, J Arvid Ågren^2,3

¹Centre for Data Science, AI and Modelling, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom.

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

|October 21, 2024

Summary

Understanding relatedness in biology is key to social behavior. This study clarifies formal models of relatedness, examining gene-centric and organism-centric viewpoints to resolve misunderstandings.

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Area of Science:

Evolutionary Biology
Behavioral Ecology
Genetics

Background:

Relatedness is central to understanding social behavior, particularly in evolutionary biology.
W.D. Hamilton's work on inclusive fitness and kin selection highlights the importance of relatedness.
Misunderstandings of relatedness stem from varied conceptualizations and applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To clarify the concept of relatedness in evolutionary biology.
To survey the history of formal modeling of relatedness.
To differentiate between gene-centric and organism-centric perspectives on relatedness.

Main Methods:

Historical review of relatedness models.
Analysis of conceptualizations in evolutionary theory.
Comparison of gene-centric and organism-centric viewpoints.

Main Results:

Formal models of relatedness have evolved significantly.
Relatedness is conceptualized differently from gene and organism perspectives.
Hamilton's inclusive fitness theory emphasizes relatedness in social behavior.

Conclusions:

A clearer understanding of relatedness is crucial for advancing social behavior research.
Distinguishing between gene-centric and organism-centric models resolves conceptual ambiguities.
Formalizing relatedness aids in explaining altruistic and cooperative behaviors.