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Physical exercise improved the hematological effect of vitamin D in type 2 diabetes mellitus-induced nephrotoxicity
Halimat Amin Abdulrahim1, Adeyemi Fatai Odetayo2, Adeoye Tunwagun David3
1Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Introduction:
Globally, one of the major causes of renal dysfunction is diabetes mellitus (DM), and diabetic-induced nephrotoxicity has been linked with anemia. Presently, numerous antidiabetic drugs have been designed for the management of this disorder but they possess their undesirable effects such as anemia and acute kidney injury. Hence, we explore the use of vitamin D with or without exercise for the management of DM-induced renal dysfunction.
Methods:
Thirty-six (36) Wistar rats were randomly separated into six (6) groups: control (vehicle treated), diabetes untreated (HFD + STZ), diabetes + vitamin D (HFD + STZ + vitamin D), diabetes + exercise (HFD + STZ + exercise), diabetes + vitamin D + exercise (HFD + STZ + vitamin D+ exercise), diabetes + metformin (HFD + STZ + metformin).
Results:
Vitamin D with or without exercise significantly reduced T2DM-induced hyperglycemia. Also, a decrease in T2DM-induced increase in urea, creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase, lactate, cholesterol, and triglyceride and a rise in DM-associated reduction in high-density lipoprotein. These events were associated with a significant increase in red blood cells, hematocrit value, hemoglobin, erythropoietin, and a decrease in white blood cell count. Furthermore, vitamin D with or without exercise reversed T2DM-induced increase in pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory markers. This observed oxido-inflammatory response was associated with a significant increase in xanthine oxidase activities and uric acid concentration. Interestingly, better recovery rates from DM-associated hematological imbalance were discovered in rats co-treated with vitamin D and exercise.
Conclusion:
Our findings revealed that exercise enhanced the hematological effect of vitamin D in HFD + STZ-induced T2DM animals.
Insights
Vitamin D and exercise combination improves diabetic kidney disease by enhancing red blood cell production and reducing inflammation. Exercise boosts vitamin D
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Endocrinology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a leading cause of renal dysfunction and anemia.
- Existing antidiabetic drugs can cause adverse effects like anemia and acute kidney injury.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the efficacy of vitamin D, with or without exercise, in managing diabetes mellitus-induced renal dysfunction.
- To evaluate the impact on hematological parameters and oxidative stress markers.
Main Methods:
- Thirty-six Wistar rats were divided into six groups: control, untreated diabetes, and treatments with vitamin D, exercise, vitamin D plus exercise, or metformin.
- High-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) were used to induce type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Main Results:
- Vitamin D and/or exercise reduced hyperglycemia, improved lipid profiles, and decreased markers of kidney injury (urea, creatinine).
- Significant improvements in red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythropoietin were observed.
- Vitamin D and exercise reversed pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory markers, with enhanced effects when combined.
Conclusions:
- Vitamin D, with or without exercise, effectively manages T2DM-induced renal dysfunction.
- Exercise potentiates the hematological benefits of vitamin D in diabetic nephropathy.
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