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Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

969
Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
969
Thermometers and Temperature Scales01:22

Thermometers and Temperature Scales

5.3K
Any physical property that depends consistently and reproducibly on temperature can be used as the basis of a thermometer. For example, volume increases with temperature for most substances. This property is the basis for the common alcohol thermometer and the original mercury thermometers. Other properties used to measure temperature include electrical resistance, color, and the emission of infrared radiation.
As many physical properties depend on temperature, the variety of thermometers is...
5.3K
Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

1.6K
A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
1.6K
Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving01:27

Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving

1.1K
San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge is exposed to temperatures ranging from -15 °C to 40 °C. At its coldest, the main span of the bridge is 1275 m long. Assuming that the bridge is made entirely of steel, what is the change in its length between these temperatures?
To solve the problem, first, identify the known and unknown quantities. The initial length (L) of the bridge is 1275 m, the coefficient of linear expansion (α) for steel is 12 x 10-6/°C, and the change in...
1.1K
Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-I01:21

Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-I

382
There are different types of detectors used in gas chromatography, each with its own specific properties that make it suitable for detecting certain types of analytes. The most commonly used detectors in GC are thermal conductivity detector (TCD), flame ionization detector (FID), and electron capture detector (ECD).
TCD is the earliest and most widely used detector that operates by measuring the changes in the thermal conductivity of the carrier gas. When a sample compound enters the detector,...
382
Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane

567
Assessing tympanic membrane temperature involves using a tympanic membrane thermometer (TMT). Here is a step-by-step guide:
Step 1: Begin by practicing good hand hygiene to prevent the transmission of microorganisms.
Step 2: Turn on the thermometer and wait until the ready sign appears on the screen to ensure accurate measurement.
Step 3: Slide the probe cover in place to prevent cross-contamination.
Step 4: Instruct the patient to tilt their head to the side for comfort and check for cerumen...
567

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Manufacturing Simple and Inexpensive Soil Surface Temperature and Gravimetric Water Content Sensors
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Manufacturing Simple and Inexpensive Soil Surface Temperature and Gravimetric Water Content Sensors

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C-type two-thermocouple sensor design between 1000 and 1700 °C.

Yangkai Guo1, Zhijie Zhang1, Yanfeng Li2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement, Ministry of Education, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030051, China.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|October 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel C-type two-thermocouple system for accurate transient temperature measurement in high-temperature environments, improving upon single thermocouple limitations. The developed method achieves a 0.0162 RMSE and 89.13% goodness of fit for temperature reconstruction.

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Area of Science:

  • Thermocouple technology
  • High-temperature measurement
  • Transient temperature analysis

Background:

  • Single thermocouples exhibit limited consistency for multi-point temperature field measurements in transient ultra-high-temperature events.
  • Existing methods for temperature field reconstruction in such scenarios yield unsatisfactory results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and validate a C-type two-thermocouple system for transient temperature measurement in high-temperature environments.
  • To improve the accuracy and reliability of temperature field reconstruction for boron-containing warm-pressure explosives.

Main Methods:

  • System characterization using blind system identification and a novel cost function optimized via gradient descent.
  • Temperature reconstruction employing an auto-regressive with extra inputs model.
  • Experimental validation using a high-temperature furnace to analyze thermocouple dynamic characteristics.

Main Results:

  • The C-type two-thermocouple system demonstrated superior performance compared to single thermocouples.
  • The temperature reconstruction achieved a root mean squared error of 0.0162 and a goodness of fit of 89.13%.
  • Analysis revealed the impact of exposure length and wire diameter on thermocouple output.

Conclusions:

  • The developed two-thermocouple method offers enhanced accuracy for transient temperature measurements in demanding environments.
  • The findings validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed system for high-temperature applications.