Metabolism: an important player in glioma survival and development

Gliomas are malignant tumors originating from both neuroglial cells and neural stem cells. The involvement of neural stem cells contributes to the tumor's heterogeneity, affecting its metabolic features, development, and response to therapy. This review provides a brief introduction to the importance of metabolism in gliomas before systematically categorizing them into specific groups based on their histological and molecular genetic markers. Metabolism plays a critical role in glioma biology, as tumor cells rely heavily on altered metabolic pathways to support their rapid growth, survival, and progression. Dysregulated metabolic processes, involving carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids not only fuel tumor development but also contribute to therapy resistance and metastatic potential. By understanding these metabolic changes, key intervention points, such as mutations in genes like RTK, EGFR, RAS, and IDH can be identified, paving the way for novel therapeutic strategies. This review emphasizes the connection between metabolic pathways and clinical challenges, offering actionable insights for future research and therapeutic development in gliomas.