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Updated: Jun 9, 2025
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Preparation of Binary and Ternary Deep Eutectic Systems
Published on: October 31, 2019
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Life cycle assessment and yield to optimize extraction time and solvent: Comparing deep eutectic solvents vs
Ibtissam Bouhzam1, Rosa Cantero1, María Margallo2
1Department of Industrial and building Engineering, University of Lleida (UdL), Pla de la Massa, 8, 08700 Igualada, Spain.
The Science of the Total Environment
|October 22, 2024
Summary
Deep eutectic solvents (DES) show environmental drawbacks for extracting polyphenols from spent coffee grounds. Water and ethanol 20% are more eco-friendly options, highlighting the need to balance yield and environmental impact in green extraction processes.
Area of Science:
- Green Chemistry
- Sustainable Chemical Processes
- Bioresource Utilization
Background:
- Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are explored for bioactive compound extraction.
- Their environmental benefits require thorough life cycle assessment (LCA).
- Spent coffee grounds (SCG) are a rich source of bioactive polyphenols.
Purpose of the Study:
- To environmentally evaluate total polyphenols (TPC) extraction from SCG using LCA.
- To compare DES with conventional solvents like water and ethanol.
- To identify optimal extraction conditions balancing yield and environmental impact.
Main Methods:
- Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) applied to TPC extraction from SCG.
- Evaluation of extraction time for water and acetone 20%.
- Comparative analysis of DES, water, and ethanol 20% using literature data.
Main Results:
- Environmentally optimal extraction time (10 min) did not maximize TPC yield.
- Acetone use and electricity consumption were key environmental impact contributors.
- DES performed worse environmentally than ethanol 20% and water, primarily due to preparation and adsorption steps.
Conclusions:
- Ethanol 20% demonstrated superior extraction yield and environmental performance over water.
- Even optimized DES systems showed significant environmental disadvantages compared to ethanol and water.
- Balancing extraction yield and environmental impact is crucial for process optimization, especially at the lab scale for industrial application.
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