Proteoglycans synthesized by gingival fibroblasts derived from human donors of different ages

The proteoglycans synthesized by fibroblasts derived from human donors of ages ranging from 12 years to 68 years have been studied. In addition, the in vitro proliferation rates of the various cell strains were studied and demonstrated that increasing donor age correlated with a decrease in proliferative activity. The incorporation of [35S]-sulfate into proteoglycans decreased with increasing donor age with cells from the oldest donor demonstrating a 50% reduction compared with cells from the youngest donor. Analysis on Sepharose CL-4B of isolated [35S]-labeled proteoglycans for molecular size distribution revealed few differences between the cell-layer-associated proteoglycans of all cell strains studied. However, analysis of the medium-associated [35S]-labeled proteoglycans demonstrated an increase in the amount of small molecular size proteoglycans with increasing age. More specific analysis of the glycosaminoglycan composition revealed an increase in heparan sulfate from 52% to 73% in the cell-layer-associated proteoglycans of cells from the youngest and oldest donors, respectively. Accompanying this increase was a relative decrease in dermatan and chondroitin sulfate content from 24% to 13% and 25% to 16%, respectively, with increasing donor age. Additionally, the degree of N-sulfation of cell layer heparan sulfate increased with age. Heparan sulfate levels increased in the medium as well with increasing age, with a concomitant decrease in chondroitin sulfate. The quantity of medium-derived dermatan sulfate remained relatively evenly distributed throughout the various ages studied. The various differences noted are considered to reflect the general metabolic changes associated with aging. In particular the increase in heparan sulfate content with age is considered to be related to the decreased proliferative activity of the fibroblasts with increasing age.