Rodent models in sensorineural hearing loss research: A comprehensive review

Area of Science:

• Auditory Neuroscience
• Translational Medicine
• Animal Models in Hearing Research

Background:

• Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a significant global health issue impacting millions, affecting social integration and quality of life.
• Understanding the complex auditory system and SNHL's multifaceted nature requires advanced research methodologies.
• Current research necessitates effective animal models to investigate SNHL etiology, progression, and therapeutic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of animal models utilized in sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) research.
• To analyze the selection criteria, advantages, and limitations of commonly used models.
• To emphasize the role of these models in elucidating pathophysiological mechanisms and evaluating novel treatments.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on animal models in SNHL research.
• Comparative analysis of commonly used rodent and non-rodent models (mice, rats, guinea pigs, Mongolian gerbils, chinchillas).
• Discussion on model selection based on specific research objectives and contributions to SNHL understanding.

Main Results:

• Identified key animal models including mice, rats, guinea pigs, Mongolian gerbils, and chinchillas for SNHL research.
• Detailed comparative analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of each model.
• Demonstrated the utility of these models in advancing the understanding of SNHL pathophysiology.

Conclusions:

• The judicious selection of appropriate animal models is crucial for successful SNHL research.
• A multidisciplinary approach integrating various animal models and technological advancements is vital.
• This review aims to guide researchers in selecting optimal models to accelerate progress in SNHL prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.