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Therapeutic approaches to modulate the immune microenvironment in gliomas

Andreas Sarantopoulos1, Chibawanye Ene2, Elisa Aquilanti3

  • 1School of Medicine, European University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.

NPJ Precision Oncology
|October 24, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Immunomodulatory therapies show promise in cancer treatment but have limited efficacy in gliomas due to their unique immune microenvironment. This review explores glioma immunology and novel immunotherapies in development.

Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Immunology
  • Cancer Therapy

Background:

  • Immunomodulatory therapies, like immune checkpoint inhibitors, have revolutionized cancer treatment for many types.
  • Gliomas have shown limited benefit from current immunotherapies, largely due to their complex immune microenvironment.
  • Understanding the glioma immune microenvironment is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the key cellular components of the glioma immune microenvironment.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of novel immunomodulatory agents in clinical development for glioma treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of the glioma immune microenvironment.
  • Survey of emerging immunotherapeutic strategies for gliomas.

Main Results:

  • Key glioma immune cells include macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, neutrophils, microglial cells, and lymphocytes.
  • Novel agents under investigation include oncolytic viruses, vaccines, CAR-T/NK cells, antibodies, and peptides.

Conclusions:

  • The unique glioma immune microenvironment presents challenges for immunotherapy efficacy.
  • Emerging immunotherapies offer potential new avenues for treating gliomas.

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