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Enhancing salt tolerance in rice genotypes through exogenous melatonin application by modulating growth patterns and
Mohammad Ubaidillah1, Muhammad Farooq2, Kyung-Min Kim3
1Study program of Agrotechnology Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember, JI Kalimantan, 37 Kampus Tegal Boto, Jember, East Java, Indonesia.
Scientific Reports
|October 25, 2024
Summary
Melatonin application enhances rice growth and stress tolerance under salt conditions. It improves plant biomass, nutrient uptake, and reduces oxidative damage, aiding recovery from sodium toxicity.
Area of Science:
- Plant Physiology
- Molecular Biology
- Agricultural Science
Background:
- Melatonin is a crucial molecule for plant stress response.
- Salt stress significantly impacts rice cultivation and yield.
- Understanding melatonin's role in mitigating salt stress is vital for agriculture.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the protective effects of exogenous melatonin on rice plants subjected to salt stress.
- To evaluate melatonin's impact on growth parameters, physiological traits, and gene expression in rice under salinity.
Main Methods:
- A factorial completely randomized design was employed with two rice varieties (IR64, Silaun) and four treatments (control, melatonin, NaCl, NaCl + melatonin).
- Plant growth, chlorophyll content, water content, ion content (Na+, K+), and oxidative stress markers (ROS, MDA) were assessed.
- Gene expression analysis of antioxidant enzymes (OsAPX1, cytosolic APX, GPOD, Mn-SOD, Cu/Zn-SOD, CAT) and a stress-related gene (OsLEA) was performed.
Main Results:
- Exogenous melatonin significantly improved plant height, root length, leaf area, and biomass under salt stress.
- Melatonin treatment increased chlorophyll and relative water content, proline accumulation, and potassium uptake while reducing sodium content.
- Melatonin application decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, indicating reduced oxidative damage.
- Gene expression analysis revealed differential regulation of antioxidant genes and OsLEA in response to salt and melatonin treatments.
Conclusions:
- Exogenous melatonin effectively enhances rice plant growth and physiological functions under salt stress.
- Melatonin confers salt tolerance by improving nutrient balance, reducing oxidative stress, and modulating gene expression.
- Melatonin shows potential for application in rice cultivation to improve resilience against salinity and aid recovery from sodium damage.
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