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Subcortical Change and Neurohabilitation Treatment Adherence Effects in Extremely Preterm Children
Susana A Castro-Chavira1, Claudia C Gutiérrez-Hernández1, Cristina Carrillo-Prado2
1Unidad de Investigación en Neurodesarrollo "Dr. Augusto Fernández Guardiola", Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Santiago de Querétaro 76230, Mexico.
Brain Sciences
|October 25, 2024
Summary
Katona neurohabilitation may increase subcortical brain volumes in extremely preterm infants. However, treatment adherence is crucial for positive neurodevelopmental outcomes in these children.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Pediatrics
- Rehabilitation Medicine
Background:
- Extremely preterm birth (before 28 weeks gestation) is linked to higher risks of developmental deficits and multimorbidity.
- The number of gestation weeks at birth is inversely correlated with the risk of developmental issues.
- Neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely preterm infants require targeted interventions and monitoring.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate subcortical volume changes in extremely preterm infants following Katona neurohabilitation.
- To assess the impact of subcortical volume and treatment adherence on neurodevelopmental outcomes at three years of age.
- To determine the relationship between adherence to Katona neurohabilitation and neurodevelopmental progress.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of fifteen extremely preterm infants received Katona neurohabilitation from 2 months to 2 years of age.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to measure subcortical brain volumes before and after the intervention.
- Neurodevelopmental assessments and treatment adherence were evaluated at three years of age.
Main Results:
- Absolute subcortical brain volumes increased post-treatment, but adjusted volumes (by intracranial volume) decreased.
- Decreased adjusted subcortical volumes may indicate functional inhibition, promoting cortical control and connectivity.
- While post-treatment hippocampal volumes showed limited predictive value, high treatment adherence strongly correlated with better mental and psychomotor neurodevelopment.
Conclusions:
- Katona neurohabilitation influences subcortical brain volumes in extremely preterm infants.
- The effectiveness of Katona neurohabilitation is significantly dependent on the child's adherence to the treatment regimen.
- Optimizing treatment adherence is essential for maximizing the neurodevelopmental benefits of Katona neurohabilitation in this population.
