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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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Updated: Jun 9, 2025

A "Plug-And-Display" Nanoparticle Vaccine Platform Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Displaying SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain

A "Plug-And-Display" Nanoparticle Vaccine Platform Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Displaying SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain

Published on: July 25, 2022

Engineered Outer Membrane Vesicles as Nanosized Immune Cell Engagers for Enhanced Solid Tumor Immunotherapy.

Jianan Sun¹, Liu Tan¹, Bang-Ce Ye²

¹Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.

|October 25, 2024

Summary

Researchers developed a novel OMV-based immune cell engager (OMV-NICE) for solid tumor immunotherapy. This dual-targeting approach enhances immune cell engagement and demonstrates superior antitumor activity in preclinical models.

Keywords:

SpyCatcher/SnoopCatcher immune cell engager nanobody outer membrane vesicles tumor immunotherapy

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In Vivo Immunogenicity Screening of Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles by Flow Cytometry of Splenic T Cells

In Vivo Immunogenicity Screening of Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles by Flow Cytometry of Splenic T Cells

Published on: September 23, 2021

Area of Science:

Immunology
Biotechnology
Nanomedicine

Background:

Solid tumors present significant challenges for current tumor immunotherapies.
Developing effective strategies to engage immune cells against solid tumors is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To engineer an OMV-based nanosized immune cell engager (OMV-NICE) for enhanced solid tumor immunotherapy.
To investigate the dual-targeting capabilities of OMV-NICE against CD47/SIRPα and PD-1/PD-L1 pathways.

Main Methods:

Utilized bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) as scaffolds for nanobody conjugation.
Employed orthogonal SpyCatcher-SpyTag and SnoopCatcher-SnoopTag chemistries for dual and trivalent nanobody attachment.
Evaluated OMV-NICE efficacy through in vitro assays (macrophage phagocytosis, T cell cytotoxicity) and in vivo studies in a B16-F10 melanoma mouse model.

Main Results:

Confirmed functional retention of nanobodies on OMV-NICE, showing synergistic enhancement of immune cell functions.
Demonstrated superior in vivo antitumor activity of OMV-NICE compared to unconjugated nanobodies and OMVs alone.
Mechanistic studies revealed enhanced recruitment of macrophages and T cells to the tumor site by OMV-NICE.

Conclusions:

The developed OMV-NICE platform offers a promising new approach for solid tumor immunotherapy.
OMV-NICE effectively engages immune cells and exhibits potent antitumor effects, expanding the repertoire of immune cell engagers.