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Related Concept Videos

Genomics02:02

Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
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Histone Modification02:32

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Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

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Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
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Epistasis01:39

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In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
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Pattern-based Search of Epigenomic Data Using GeNemo
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The distinction between epigenetics and epigenomics.

Kevin Struhl1

  • 1Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Trends in Genetics : TIG
|October 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Epigenetics involves inheriting cell states through cell division. Epigenomics studies physical DNA entities like methylation, not inheritance. Clarifying these terms prevents biological process misunderstanding.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The terms epigenetics and epigenomics are frequently conflated in scientific literature.
  • This conflation leads to a misunderstanding of fundamental biological processes related to inheritance and molecular mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clearly define and differentiate the concepts of epigenetics and epigenomics.
  • To highlight the distinct meanings and applications of each term in biological research.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of existing definitions and literature.
  • Conceptual clarification of inheritance versus molecular mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetics is defined as the inheritance of cell types or states through cell division.

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  • Epigenomics encompasses physical and functional DNA-associated entities, such as histone modifications and DNA methylation, excluding inheritance.

    • Conclusions:

    • Distinguishing between epigenetics and epigenomics is crucial for accurate scientific communication.
    • Clear definitions prevent confusion and enhance the understanding of cellular inheritance and molecular regulation.