Irisin in Reproduction: Its Roles and Therapeutic Potential in Male and Female Fertility Disorders

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Biology
• Endocrinology
• Metabolism

Background:

• Irisin, a FNDC5 proteolytic product, is known for regulating energy metabolism and thermogenesis.
• Metabolic imbalances frequently disrupt reproductive health, suggesting a potential link for irisin.
• Existing research indicates irisin influences the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and synthesize the current understanding of irisin's role in mammalian reproduction.
• To explore irisin's impact on both male and female reproductive functions.
• To identify potential therapeutic and diagnostic applications of irisin in reproductive medicine.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of studies investigating irisin in reproductive contexts.
• Analysis of data from animal models (primarily mice) examining irisin's effects on reproductive parameters.
• Examination of correlations between irisin levels and various reproductive conditions in females.

Main Results:

• In males, irisin administration improved spermatogenesis, sperm count, and testosterone levels.
• Female irisin levels exhibit fluctuations during puberty, menstrual cycles, and pregnancy.
• Abnormal irisin levels are associated with conditions such as PCOS, precocious puberty, and pregnancy complications.

Conclusions:

• Irisin plays a significant role in both male and female reproductive physiology.
• The hormone demonstrates potential in enhancing sperm quality and may influence endometrial receptivity.
• Further research is crucial to fully understand irisin's mechanisms and its clinical utility in reproductive disorders.