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A Mini-Review on Gene Therapy in Glaucoma and Future Directions
Nicoleta Anton1,2, Aida Geamănu3, Raluca Iancu3
1Department of Ophtalmology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iaşi, Romania.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|October 26, 2024
Summary
Gene therapy offers a promising new avenue for treating glaucoma by targeting specific genes like myocilin. This approach aims to protect retinal ganglion cells and preserve vision, potentially revolutionizing glaucoma management.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Glaucoma involves retinal ganglion cell degeneration and optic nerve damage.
- Current treatments focus on lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) via medications or surgery.
- Gene therapy offers a novel approach to address the underlying genetic causes of glaucoma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the literature on gene therapy applications for glaucoma treatment.
- To explore future directions and potential of gene therapy in managing glaucoma.
- To identify key genes associated with glaucoma, such as myocilin.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of gene therapy strategies for glaucoma.
- Identification of glaucoma-associated genes (GLC1A, GLC1E, GLC1G).
- Analysis of therapeutic approaches modulating aqueous humor and protecting retinal ganglion cells.
Main Results:
- Myocilin (GLC1A) is the most extensively studied glaucoma gene.
- Gene therapy approaches are being developed to alleviate ocular hypertension and glaucoma-like optic neuropathy.
- Several strategies modulate aqueous humor dynamics and protect retinal ganglion cells from apoptosis.
Conclusions:
- Gene therapy presents a promising therapeutic option for glaucoma patients.
- This approach has significant potential for widespread clinical application in preserving vision.
- Genomic therapy may offer new methods for managing glaucoma beyond current standards of care.
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