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Association Between Gut Microbiome Composition and Physical Characteristics in Patients with Severe Motor and

Suzumi Kageyama1,2, Rikako Inoue3,4, Koji Hosomi4,5

  • 1Graduate School of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, Okayama 719-1197, Japan.

Nutrients
|October 26, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Patients with severe motor and intellectual disabilities (SMID) have gut microbiomes resembling infants, with low diversity linked to physical severity and altered bile acids. This suggests an immature gut environment in SMID patients.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Gastroenterology
  • Human aging

Background:

  • The gut microbiome composition changes significantly with host age.
  • Investigated gut microbiome diversity in patients with severe motor and intellectual disabilities (SMID).
  • Examined the association between gut microbiome, physical characteristics, and diversity levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze gut microbiome diversity in SMID patients.
  • To correlate microbiome composition with physical severity and gut environment.
  • To identify differences in gut microbiome and metabolites between high-diversity (HD) and low-diversity (LD) groups.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 14 subjects, dividing them into HD (8) and LD (6) groups based on physical status, defecation, blood tests, microbiome profiling, and fecal metabolites.
  • Collected data on physical and defecation status.
  • Analyzed gut microbiome and fecal metabolites, including bile acids (BAs).

Main Results:

  • The LD group's microbiome showed delayed maturation, similar to neonates.
  • LD group had significantly lower deoxycholic acid (a secondary bile acid), indicating impaired primary to secondary BA conversion.
  • LD patients exhibited greater physical severity, were bedridden, and received only enteral formula, often with loose stools.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiome and bile acid profiles in the LD group differed from healthy individuals and the HD group.
  • This suggests a potentially immature gut environment in SMID patients with low gut microbiome diversity.
  • Altered gut microbiome composition and function are associated with physical severity in SMID.
Keywords:
bile acidsfecal metabolitesgut microbiomematurationsevere motor and intellectual disabilities

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