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A Lightweight SPI-Flash Controller Based on AMBA AHB-Lite Bus.

Bingzheng Li1, Weike Wang1, Hanbing Chu1

  • 1College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China.

Micromachines
|October 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a lightweight SPI-Flash controller for embedded systems, accelerating boot processes by enabling direct RAM execution. The controller also aids in bare-metal program downloading for FPGA prototype verification.

Keywords:
AMBA AHB-lite busFPGA verificationSPI-Flash controllerlightweight

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Engineering
  • Embedded Systems Design
  • VLSI Design

Background:

  • Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) Flash memory is crucial for program storage in embedded systems, influencing boot process performance.
  • Existing SPI-Flash controllers can be complex and impact the efficiency of the boot sequence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a lightweight SPI-Flash controller designed to simplify boot process design.
  • To enable rapid program execution from RAM by directly interfacing SPI-Flash with the AHB-lite bus.
  • To provide a bare-metal program downloader for testing boot process functionality during FPGA prototyping.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a lightweight SPI-Flash controller with a direct connection to the AHB-lite bus.
  • Integrated the controller for rapid program execution in RAM.
  • Utilized the controller as a bare-metal program downloader for FPGA-based System-on-Chip (SoC) verification.
  • Targeted the Micron N25Q256A SPI-Flash chip for functional validation.

Main Results:

  • System-level simulations and FPGA verification confirmed the controller's effectiveness in boot process design and bare-metal program download.
  • Synthesis results using SMIC 180 nm 1P8M technology demonstrated excellent performance, low power consumption, and minimal area utilization.
  • The controller successfully achieved its intended functional impact on the targeted SPI-Flash chip and boot operations.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed lightweight SPI-Flash controller offers a simplified and efficient solution for embedded system boot processes.
  • The controller's dual functionality as an execution accelerator and a testing tool enhances FPGA-based SoC development.
  • The open-source availability of the controller's source code on GitHub promotes further research and adoption in the embedded systems community.