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Related Concept Videos

Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity02:24

Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity

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It is essential to understand the difference between chiral and achiral interactions and the implications thereof in optical activity and their applications. Just as our feet, which are chiral, interact uniquely with chiral objects, such as a pair of shoes, but identically with achiral socks, enantiomers of a molecule exhibit different properties only when they interact with other chiral media. An example of a significant implication from this facet is the phenomenon known as optical activity,...
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Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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Chirality02:25

Chirality

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Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Prochirality02:05

Prochirality

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The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
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Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
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Learning to draw Fischer projections of molecules and understanding their relevance plays a crucial role in the visual depiction of organic molecules. A Fischer projection is a two-dimensional projection on a planar surface to simplify the three-dimensional wedge–dash representation of molecules. This is especially helpful in the case of molecules with multiple chiral centers that can be difficult to draw. Here, all the bonds of interest are represented as horizontal or vertical lines.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers
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Optical Forces on Chiral Particles: Science and Applications.

Weicheng Yi1,2,3,4, Haiyang Huang1,2,3,4, Chengxing Lai1,2,3,4

  • 1Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.

Micromachines
|October 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores optical forces on chiral particles, detailing gradient force, radiation pressure, and more. Understanding these interactions is key for applications in optical manipulation and sensing.

Keywords:
chiral particlechiralityoptical forceoptical manipulation

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Nanotechnology
  • Optics and Light-Matter Interactions

Background:

  • Chiral particles exhibit unique interactions with light.
  • These interactions are crucial for advanced applications in optics and nanotechnology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively analyze optical forces acting on chiral particles.
  • To review fundamental physical mechanisms, theoretical models, and experimental evidence.
  • To discuss practical applications of these forces.

Main Methods:

  • Categorization of optical forces: gradient force, radiation pressure, optical lateral force, pulling force, and optical force on coupled chiral particles.
  • Overview of underlying physical mechanisms.
  • Review of theoretical models and experimental evidence.

Main Results:

  • Detailed analysis of various optical forces on chiral particles.
  • Elucidation of the fundamental physics governing these interactions.
  • Identification of key applications in optical manipulation, particle sorting, chiral sensing, and detection.

Conclusions:

  • A thorough understanding of chiral particle-light interactions is established.
  • The review provides a foundation for future advancements in nanotechnology and photonics.
  • Highlights the potential of optical forces for sophisticated applications.