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The Potential of Nuclear Pore Complexes in Cancer Therapy

Hanna Zaitsava1, Martyna Gachowska1, Elżbieta Bartoszewska1

  • 1Students' Group of Cancer Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 5, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 26, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) regulate gene expression and protein transport, impacting cancer. Inhibitors targeting nuclear export show promise for treating various cancers.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are crucial for nucleocytoplasmic transport, impacting gene expression.
  • Dysregulation of NPCs and nucleocytoplasmic transport is linked to cancer development and protein mislocalization.
  • The precise role of NPCs in carcinogenesis is still under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of NPCs in cancer biology, gene expression, and progression.
  • To examine the impact of protein mislocalization in cancer.
  • To explore targeted therapies, including nuclear export inhibitors and nanosystems, for cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on nuclear pore complexes, nucleocytoplasmic transport, and cancer biology.
  • Analysis of the influence of tumor-suppressor proteins and nanoparticles in cancer.
  • Examination of clinical data on nuclear export inhibitors, specifically XPO1 inhibitors.

Main Results:

  • NPCs significantly influence gene expression and cancer progression.
  • Targeted therapies like gold nanoparticles and intelligent nanosystems show potential in inhibiting cancer cell invasion.
  • Selective nuclear export inhibitors, particularly XPO1 inhibitors, demonstrate efficacy in hematological and solid malignancies.

Conclusions:

  • NPCs are integral to cancer biology, affecting gene expression and progression.
  • Targeted therapies, including nuclear export inhibitors and nanosystems, offer promising avenues for cancer treatment.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the direct role of NPCs in carcinogenesis.
Keywords:
nanoporenanotherapynuclear pore complexnuclear transport

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