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Evaluation of a Visual Cognitive Style in Autism: A Cluster Analysis
Clara Bled1, Q Guillon2, L Mottron3
1Laboratoire CERPPS-E.A. 7411, Université Jean Jaurès, 5, allée Antonio Machado, Toulouse, EA, 31058, France. clara.bled@univ-tlse2.fr.
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
|October 26, 2024
Summary
Autistic adults often exhibit a visual cognitive style, characterized by "thinking in pictures." This study identified three cognitive profiles, with the visual style being most common in autistic individuals.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive psychology
- Neurodevelopmental disorders
Background:
- Cognitive styles vary, with visual and verbal being prominent.
- Autism is often linked to a "thinking in pictures" cognitive style, showing enhanced perceptual abilities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the cognitive style of autistic individuals, specifically the visual "thinking in pictures" style.
- To identify distinct cognitive profiles within autistic and non-autistic adults.
Main Methods:
- Assessed 43 autistic and 42 non-autistic adults using the Object Spatial Imagery Verbal Questionnaire.
- Employed cluster analysis to identify cognitive profiles and examined mental imagery, vividness, language, and synesthesia.
Main Results:
- Identified three cognitive profiles: visual, visuo-spatial, and verbal.
- The visual profile, marked by strong mental imagery, was most prevalent in autistic individuals.
- Synesthesia was more common in the autistic group.
Conclusions:
- A visual cognitive style is prevalent, though not exclusive, in autistic individuals.
- Cognitive style diversity exists within the autistic population.
- Visual and visuo-spatial processing differences are key in understanding autistic cognition.
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