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A high precision vital signs detection method based on millimeter wave radar.

Yuanchang Chen1, Jiangnan Yuan2, Jun Tang1

  • 1School of Optoelectronic and Communication Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361000, China.

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This study introduces a novel millimeter wave (mmWave) radar method for accurate heart rate estimation, effectively suppressing respiratory interference for improved vital signs detection.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Signal Processing
  • Radar Technology

Background:

  • Millimeter wave (mmWave) radar offers potential for non-contact vital signs detection.
  • Human micro-movements and respiratory harmonics can significantly impact heart rate estimation accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a vital signs detection method using mmWave radar that minimizes interference from micro-movements and respiratory harmonics.
  • To precisely estimate heart rate by suppressing confounding signals.

Main Methods:

  • Median filtering was employed to eliminate baseline drift from human micro-movements.
  • A novel differential recursive least squares multiple classification (DR-MUSIC) algorithm, combining RLS and MUSIC, was developed to suppress respiratory harmonics and separate signals.
  • Spectral peak search was utilized for final heart rate estimation.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method successfully suppressed the impact of respiratory harmonics, even at low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR).
  • Experimental results showed a low error rate between 1.69% and 2.61% for heart rate estimation compared to reference values.
  • The DR-MUSIC algorithm demonstrated superior performance in separating respiratory and heartbeat signals.

Conclusions:

  • The developed mmWave radar-based vital signs detection method provides accurate heart rate estimation.
  • The DR-MUSIC algorithm effectively addresses challenges posed by respiratory harmonics and micro-movements in vital signs monitoring.
  • This technology shows significant promise for medical applications requiring precise, non-contact heart rate monitoring.