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Coal mining activities driving the changes in bacterial community.

Runjie Zhang1, Lianman Xu2, Da Tian1

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Coal mining significantly alters underground bacterial communities, with mining intensity impacting diversity and composition. Environmental factors like cadmium and oxygen levels drive these changes, influencing bacterial functions and safety.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Environmental Science
  • Geosciences

Background:

  • Understanding the impact of environmental factors on bacterial communities in underground coal mines is crucial.
  • Coal mining activities can significantly alter subterranean ecosystems, but the specific mechanisms remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of coal mining activities on bacterial community structure and function in coal seams.
  • To identify key environmental factors driving these changes and their implications for mine safety.

Main Methods:

  • 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was employed to analyze bacterial species abundance, biodiversity, and gene abundance.
  • Environmental factors including metal elements, non-metal elements, pH, and gas concentrations were measured.
  • Redundancy Analysis (RDA) and Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) were used to correlate environmental factors with bacterial communities.

Main Results:

  • Mining activities significantly affected bacterial alpha diversity, with the mining working face showing the highest diversity.
  • Bacterial community composition varied regionally, with Actinobacteria dominating in less disturbed areas and Proteobacteria in active mining zones.
  • Environmental factors such as cadmium, oxygen, hydrogen, and gas content were identified as key drivers of bacterial community structure.
  • CCA analysis categorized bacteria into degradation functional groups, poor environment tolerators, and potential human pathogens based on their location within the mine.

Conclusions:

  • Coal mining profoundly impacts underground bacterial communities, altering diversity and composition.
  • Specific environmental factors are directly linked to observed changes in bacterial populations and their metabolic functions.
  • Findings provide insights for promoting green and safe mining practices by understanding microbial responses to mining disturbances.