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Updated: Jun 9, 2025

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Plant kinetochore complex: composition, function, and regulation.

Yuqian Xie1, Mingliang Wang1, Beixin Mo1,2

  • 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.

Frontiers in Plant Science
|October 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review details the plant kinetochore complex, crucial for accurate chromosome segregation. It highlights kinetochore protein interactions and applications in plant biotechnology and synthetic genomics.

Keywords:
CENH3CENP-CcenDNAscenRNAscentromerekinetochore complexplant artificial chromosomes

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics
  • Plant Science

Background:

  • The kinetochore complex, located on the centromere, is vital for chromosome segregation in eukaryotes.
  • In plants, it ensures chromosome stability, microtubule attachment, and error correction during cell division.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the composition, function, and regulation of the plant kinetochore complex.
  • To emphasize interactions between kinetochore proteins and centromeric DNA/RNA.
  • To discuss applications of CENH3 in plant ploidy manipulation and artificial chromosome synthesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of plant kinetochore research.
  • Analysis of protein-DNA/RNA interactions at centromeres.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on CENH3 applications.

Main Results:

  • Detailed summary of plant kinetochore complex components and their roles.
  • Elucidation of kinetochore protein interactions with cenDNAs and cenRNAs.
  • Overview of CENH3's utility in generating polyploid plants and plant artificial chromosomes (PACs).

Conclusions:

  • The plant kinetochore complex is essential for accurate chromosome segregation and genomic stability.
  • Kinetochore proteins offer significant potential for synthetic genomics and plant biotechnology advancements.
  • This review provides a roadmap for future research in plant kinetochore biology.