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Balancing acts: The posttranslational modification tightrope of flavivirus replication
RuthMabel Boytz1, Maudry Laurent-Rolle1,2
1Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.
Plos Pathogens
|October 28, 2024
Summary
Flaviviruses exploit host posttranslational modifications (PTMs) like phosphorylation and ubiquitination. These modifications impact innate immunity and viral replication, aiding virus survival and spread.
Area of Science:
- Molecular biology
- Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) regulate critical cellular functions, including innate immunity and disease pathogenesis.
- Viruses frequently interact with host PTMs to manipulate cellular processes for their benefit.
- Flaviviruses, a significant group of human pathogens, are known to engage with host cell machinery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the existing literature on the interplay between flaviviruses and host posttranslational modifications.
- To elucidate how flaviviruses are affected by and strategically utilize host PTMs.
- To highlight the mechanisms by which PTMs influence flavivirus replication and pathogenesis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of peer-reviewed articles.
- Analysis of studies investigating flavivirus-host interactions at the molecular level.
- Synthesis of findings on specific PTMs (phosphorylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, ISGylation) in flavivirus infection.
Main Results:
- Flaviviruses modulate host PTMs to evade antiviral responses, particularly the interferon pathway.
- Host PTMs are exploited to enhance the stability and function of viral proteins crucial for replication.
- Specific PTMs influence various stages of the flavivirus life cycle, from entry to assembly.
Conclusions:
- Posttranslational modifications represent a critical battleground between flaviviruses and the host immune system.
- Understanding these PTM-mediated interactions is key to developing novel antiviral strategies against flaviviruses.
- Flaviviruses exhibit remarkable adaptability in hijacking host PTM machinery for their propagation.
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