A novel high-throughput quantitative method for the determination of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances in human...

A novel method for the quantitative analysis of 56 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in human plasma was established on the basis of ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q/Orbitrap HRMS) in combination with accurate customized mass databases and isotopic internal standards. A streamlined, high-throughput, and high-recovery (RE) sample pretreatment method was developed. The method's performance was evaluated in terms of linearity, limit of quantification, RE, repeatability, reproducibility, and matrix effect. The proposed method was applied in the simultaneous analysis of 56 PFASs in human plasma, and its results demonstrated high sensitivity, accuracy, and precision. The optimized method was implemented to analyze PFASs in 135 plasma samples, and 12 components were detected. The comparative analysis of the results from 135 plasma samples with domestic and international studies revealed elevated contents of PFOA, PFOS, PFBA, and PFTrDA, the moderate amounts of PFHxS, PFUdA, PFBS, and PFHpS, and the low concentrations of PFNA and PFDA. Notably, GenX was detected in human plasma for the first time. This finding suggests that the study region is contaminated with this substance. Correlation analysis revealed a strong relationship among PFNA, PFDA, and PFUdA, implying that these substances may have similar exposure sources.