Precision proteomics with TurboID: mapping the suborganelle landscape

Area of Science:

• Cell Biology
• Proteomics
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Cellular organelles (mitochondria, ER, lysosomes) are vital for homeostasis, metabolic regulation, and stress response.
• Organelle proteome analysis provides insights into cellular functions and diseases.
• Traditional methods for studying isolated organelles have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review innovative proximity labeling technologies, specifically TurboID and split-TurboID, for organelle research.
• To highlight how these methods overcome limitations of traditional techniques.
• To discuss advancements in precision proteomics of suborganelle compartments and inter-organellar contact sites.

Main Methods:

• Review of literature on proximity labeling technologies (TurboID, split-TurboID).
• Analysis of applications in studying organelle proteomes and interactions.
• Focus on methodologies enabling suborganelle and contact site proteomics.

Main Results:

• TurboID and split-TurboID enable precise proteomic analysis of organelles and their interactions.
• These techniques reveal novel insights into metabolic processes like cholesterol and glucose metabolism.
• Discoveries include mechanisms of lysosomal repair and inter-organelle communication.

Conclusions:

• Advanced proximity labeling techniques like TurboID are transforming organelle research.
• These methods offer enhanced precision for organelle-specific proteomic investigations.
• The findings underscore the potential for significant advancements in understanding cellular functions and diseases.