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Vaccinations

Vaccinations

Longitudinal Research

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...

Observational Studies

Observational Studies

Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...

Surveys

Surveys

Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.

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Online Search Patterns about Vaccination: A National Study.

Inês Silva Costa¹, Madalena Meira Nisa¹, Lígia M Ferreira¹

¹Interna de Formação Específica em Pediatria, Serviço de Pediatria, Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal.

Portuguese Journal of Public Health

|October 29, 2024

Summary

Online search trends reveal a growing public interest in vaccination in Portugal, particularly for the Rotavirus, BCG, and flu vaccines. This increased search activity, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlights the need for health professionals to address misinformation.

Keywords:

Health literacy Primary prevention Search engines Vaccines

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Epidemiology
Health Communication

Background:

Google Trends data reflects public perception and healthcare-seeking behaviors.
Analyzing online search patterns can provide insights into vaccination interest and concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate online search patterns for extra-program and risk-based vaccines in Portugal.
To identify trends in public interest regarding specific vaccines over time.

Main Methods:

Analysis of relative search volume for vaccines across all Portuguese districts from 2006 to 2021.
Utilized Google Trends data, with search volume represented on a scale of 0 to 100.

Main Results:

Rotavirus vaccine was the most consistently searched, followed by BCG and flu vaccines.
A significant increase in vaccine searches was observed in the last 5 years, with notable peaks during the COVID-19 pandemic for flu and BCG vaccines.
Regional differences in search patterns were identified, with specific districts showing high interest in particular vaccines like BCG.

Conclusions:

The rising interest in vaccination may indicate increased focus on primary prevention but is influenced by pandemic-related media.
Health professionals must actively combat misinformation, as seen with the increased interest in BCG potentially linked to unproven SARS-CoV-2 protective associations.