Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phase Diagrams02:39

Phase Diagrams

40.0K
A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
40.0K
Phase Diagram01:19

Phase Diagram

5.8K
The phase of a given substance depends on the pressure and temperature. Thus, plots of pressure versus temperature showing the phase in each region provide considerable insights into the thermal properties of substances. Such plots are known as phase diagrams. For instance, in the phase diagram for water (Figure 1), the solid curve boundaries between the phases indicate phase transitions (i.e., temperatures and pressures at which the phases coexist).
5.8K
Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition02:33

Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition

16.9K
Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...
16.9K
States of Matter and Phase Changes00:59

States of Matter and Phase Changes

927
The internal energy of a substance—the total kinetic energy of all its molecules and the potential energy of their associated forces—depends on the strength of the intermolecular forces in the condensed phases and the pressure exerted on the substance. The internal energy of a substance is the highest in the gaseous state, the lowest in the solid state, and intermediate in the liquid state. Phase transitions are caused by changes in physical conditions, such as temperature and...
927
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

18.3K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
18.3K
Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing02:39

Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing

12.3K
Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
12.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Electrostatic Potential-Driven Adsorption of Alkali Metal Cations on Graphene and Hexagonal Boron Nitride.

Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry·2026
Same author

A Hydrogel Delivery System Based on Selenium Nanoparticles and bFGF for Promoting the Repair of Skin Wounds.

Biomedicines·2026
Same author

Metallic hydrogen confined by graphene.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

Advances in neuroimaging studies of thalamic abnormalities in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Psychoradiology·2026
Same author

Modulating the band gaps, binding energetics, and diffusion kinetics of black and blue phosphorene <i>via</i> K<sup>+</sup> adsorption: a DFT Study.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same author

Wafer-scale and doping-tunable p-type semiconducting monolayer WSi<sub>2</sub>N<sub>4</sub> film.

National science review·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions
11:50

Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions

Published on: June 13, 2015

12.5K

New metallic ice phase under high pressure.

Yingying Huang1, Liuyuan Zhu1, Hanlin Li1

  • 1School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China. huangyingying@ecust.edu.cn.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|October 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-pressure water ice can form new structures with unique properties. Researchers discovered a novel cubic ice phase (NaO2-Pa3) exhibiting ionic and metallic characteristics under extreme pressure.

More Related Videos

An Externally-Heated Diamond Anvil Cell for Synthesis and Single-Crystal Elasticity Determination of Ice-VII at High Pressure-Temperature Conditions
07:48

An Externally-Heated Diamond Anvil Cell for Synthesis and Single-Crystal Elasticity Determination of Ice-VII at High Pressure-Temperature Conditions

Published on: June 18, 2020

6.8K
Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory
06:04

Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory

Published on: November 15, 2013

11.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions
11:50

Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions

Published on: June 13, 2015

12.5K
An Externally-Heated Diamond Anvil Cell for Synthesis and Single-Crystal Elasticity Determination of Ice-VII at High Pressure-Temperature Conditions
07:48

An Externally-Heated Diamond Anvil Cell for Synthesis and Single-Crystal Elasticity Determination of Ice-VII at High Pressure-Temperature Conditions

Published on: June 18, 2020

6.8K
Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory
06:04

Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory

Published on: November 15, 2013

11.5K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • High pressure dramatically alters crystal material properties, leading to novel states.
  • Water ice possesses a complex phase diagram with known ionic (ice X) and superionic (ice XVIII) phases.
  • Exploring hypothetical ice structures based on known materials can reveal new high-pressure phases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To computationally investigate hypothetical high-pressure ice structures derived from metal oxide frameworks.
  • To identify new ice phases and their stability under extreme pressures.
  • To characterize the electronic and structural properties of predicted high-pressure ice phases.

Main Methods:

  • Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations to predict phase transitions and stability.
  • Phonon spectrum analysis to confirm dynamic stability of predicted structures.
  • Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations at 100 K to assess thermal stability.

Main Results:

  • A pressure-induced phase transition from Ag2O-Pn3m (ice X) to a novel TiO2-brookite-Pbca structure at 300 GPa.
  • Further transition to a previously unreported NaO2-Pa3 cubic ice structure at 2120 GPa.
  • The NaO2-Pa3 phase exhibits an ionic state with increased hydrogen coordination and displays metallic properties above 2600 GPa due to electron orbital coupling.

Conclusions:

  • The NaO2-Pa3 ice structure is dynamically and thermally stable (at 100 K) under high pressure.
  • This novel ice phase demonstrates unique ionic and metallic characteristics, expanding the known properties of water ice.
  • Computational methods can successfully predict new high-pressure phases and properties of crystalline materials.