Meta-Analysis of Prognostic Significance of Cancer Stem Cell Markers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Researchers have shown significant interest in cancer stem cells in recent years. CD44, CD24, CD133, and ALDH serve as indicators of cancer stem cell-like cells in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. However, the prognostic significance of these Cancer Stem Cell markers in Squamous Cell Carcinoma is still debated. This study employed meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic significance of cancer stem cells about Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

CD44, CD133, CD24, and ALDH markers were analyzed in 19 retrospective studies to determine their relationship with prognosis and clinicopathological parameters. Risk ratios (RRs) and odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for 3-years survival rates and clinicopathological parameters, respectively, using a fixed-effects model.

The finding of our study based on extracted survival rates showed that cancer stem cell markers, CD133 expression was related with the poor prognosis (RR= 1.62 ,95% CI = 1.08-2.44, P= 0.02). ALDH expression significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (OR= 4.13, 95% Cl= 1.88-9.10, P<0.001) and clinical staging (OR= 2.26, 95% CI= 1.05-4.88, P= 0.04).

The findings indicate that CSC markers could be used to predict oral cancer prognosis. Our study contributes to the literature on survival outcomes of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. These findings offer a structure for the advancement of cancer treatments that specifically target cancer stem cells. Conducting additional studies with a broader group of patients will help confirm the role of cancer stem cells as dependable predictors of prognosis.