Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

145
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
145
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

321
Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
321
Peptic Ulcer Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peptic Ulcer Disease I: Introduction

139
Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is characterized by mucosal excavation in the esophagus, stomach, pylorus, or duodenum. It can manifest as acute or chronic based on the extent and duration of mucosal involvement.
An acute ulcer, marked by superficial erosion and minimal inflammation, swiftly resolves upon identifying and addressing the underlying cause. In contrast, a chronic ulcer persists, potentially eroding through the muscular wall and forming fibrous tissue.
Peptic ulcers can also be...
139
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

390
Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
390
Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

124
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
124
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

188
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
188

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Lanthanum-modulated hollow CuO nanofibers enable selective CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction to multicarbon products at high current densities.

Journal of colloid and interface science·2026
Same author

Quaternary Ammonium Additives Enable Efficient and Stable 1.77 eV Wide-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells.

Chemistry, an Asian journal·2026
Same author

A guardian role of TagA in protecting <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> from nitrosative killing.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

RNA acetylation modification ac4C: An emerging regulatory hub of RNA metabolism disruption in Alzheimer's disease.

Molecular biology reports·2026
Same author

LingXi SDGs large models: a practical platform of AI for SDGs science.

Science bulletin·2026
Same author

Functional Nitrile Ether Additives for High-Energy-Density Lithium Metal Batteries: Multiscale Mechanism Study on Cyanide Substitution Regulation.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
08:40

Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis

Published on: September 22, 2019

7.0K

Causal relationship between hypothyroidism and ulcerative colitis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Yumeng Yang1,2, Jianhui Li3, Xin Wang2

  • 1Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi, China.

BMC Gastroenterology
|October 31, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypothyroidism increases the risk of developing ulcerative colitis (UC). T-cell differentiation and programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) pathways are implicated in this association, suggesting potential therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
Causal relationshipHypothyroidismMendelian randomizationUlcerative colitis

More Related Videos

Analyzing Beneficial Effects of Nutritional Supplements on Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Functions During Experimental Colitis
08:58

Analyzing Beneficial Effects of Nutritional Supplements on Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Functions During Experimental Colitis

Published on: January 5, 2017

12.2K
Non-invasive Assessment of the Efficacy of New Therapeutics for Intestinal Pathologies Using Serial Endoscopic Imaging of Live Mice
09:01

Non-invasive Assessment of the Efficacy of New Therapeutics for Intestinal Pathologies Using Serial Endoscopic Imaging of Live Mice

Published on: March 10, 2015

10.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
08:40

Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis

Published on: September 22, 2019

7.0K
Analyzing Beneficial Effects of Nutritional Supplements on Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Functions During Experimental Colitis
08:58

Analyzing Beneficial Effects of Nutritional Supplements on Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Functions During Experimental Colitis

Published on: January 5, 2017

12.2K
Non-invasive Assessment of the Efficacy of New Therapeutics for Intestinal Pathologies Using Serial Endoscopic Imaging of Live Mice
09:01

Non-invasive Assessment of the Efficacy of New Therapeutics for Intestinal Pathologies Using Serial Endoscopic Imaging of Live Mice

Published on: March 10, 2015

10.0K

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis often co-occur in patients with multiple autoimmune conditions.
  • The specific causal link between UC and hypothyroidism remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential causal relationship between hypothyroidism and ulcerative colitis using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for UC and hypothyroidism.
  • Employed various MR methods (MR-Egger, weighted median, IVW, simple mode, weighted mode) for causal inference.
  • Conducted sensitivity analyses and gene-level functional enrichment (GO, KEGG, PPI) to validate findings and explore mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Forward MR analysis revealed that hypothyroidism is a significant risk factor for UC (OR=9.71, P=0.02).
  • Reverse MR analysis did not establish a causal link from UC to hypothyroidism (P=0.53).
  • Key genes (CD247, CD80, STAT4) and pathways (T cell, IFN-γ, PD-1/PD-L1) were identified.

Conclusions:

  • Hypothyroidism is confirmed as a risk factor for UC.
  • T-cell differentiation balance and IL-21 may be crucial in hypothyroidism-induced UC.
  • PD-1/PD-L1 pathway enrichment suggests a mechanism for immune suppression in UC pathogenesis.