[Research Advances of Exosomes in Pathogenesis of Multiple Myeloma --Review]

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Oncology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Exosomes are increasingly recognized for their involvement in intercellular communication.
• Their role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM) is under active investigation.
• The precise mechanisms by which exosomes influence MM progression remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize the current understanding of exosome involvement in multiple myeloma (MM) pathophysiological processes.
• To highlight the role of exosomes in bone marrow microenvironment alterations, immunosuppression, and myeloma bone disease.
• To review the contribution of exosomes to the development of drug resistance in MM.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of recent domestic and international research on exosomes in multiple myeloma.
• Analysis of studies focusing on the functional roles of exosomes in MM pathogenesis.
• Synthesis of findings related to exosome-mediated effects on the tumor microenvironment and therapeutic responses.

Main Results:

• Exosomes significantly influence the bone marrow microenvironment in MM, promoting disease progression.
• Exosomes contribute to immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment, aiding MM survival.
• Exosome-mediated mechanisms are implicated in the generation of myeloma bone disease and the development of drug resistance.

Conclusions:

• Exosomes are critical mediators in multiple myeloma (MM) pathogenesis, affecting key disease processes.
• Understanding exosome functions offers new insights into MM development and progression.
• Exosomes represent promising potential biomarkers for future clinical research and therapeutic strategies in MM.