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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.

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Robust Autism Spectrum Disorder-Related Spatial Covariance Gray Matter Pattern Revealed With a Large-Scale

Sheng-Zhi Ma1,2,3, Xing-Ke Wang4, Chen Yang1,2,3

  • 1Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.

Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research
|December 31, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study identified a robust brain gray matter pattern linked to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and social deficits using MRI data. The findings offer new insights into ASD neuroanatomy.

Keywords:
autism spectrum disorder (ASD)gray matter (GM) volumerobustnessspatial covariance patternstructural MRI images (sMRI)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Radiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with unclear neuroanatomical underpinnings.
  • Identifying reliable neuroanatomical patterns associated with ASD is crucial for understanding its mechanisms and developing interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply the scaled subprofile model of principal component analysis (SSM-PCA) to structural MRI data to identify a robust ASD-related gray matter volume pattern.
  • To investigate the association between this pattern and clinical symptoms of ASD.
  • To assess the pattern's robustness and applicability across different age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized T1-weighted structural MRI data from 576 subjects (288 ASD, 288 typically developing controls) aged 7-29 years from the ABIDE II dataset.
  • Applied SSM-PCA to identify a spatial covariance pattern of gray matter volume related to ASD.
  • Correlated the identified pattern with clinical symptom scores and validated its robustness using the ABIDE I dataset.

Main Results:

  • Identified a significant ASD-related gray matter volume pattern involving the thalamus, putamen, parahippocampus, orbitofrontal cortex, and cerebellum.
  • The expression of this pattern correlated with scores on the Social Response Scale and Social Communication Questionnaire.
  • The pattern demonstrated robustness across datasets and varying age groups, with medium effect sizes in children and adults, and small in adolescents.

Conclusions:

  • A robust ASD-related gray matter volume pattern associated with social deficits has been identified.
  • This pattern provides valuable insights into the neuroanatomical mechanisms underlying ASD.
  • The findings may contribute to the development of future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for ASD.