Task-oriented Learning in Head and Neck Anatomy Using Virtual, Formalin-preserved, Soft-embalmed, and Plastinated...

Area of Science:

• Medical Education
• Anatomy
• Surgical Training

Background:

• The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a shift in anatomy teaching methods.
• Reduced cadaver donations require maximizing existing specimen types.
• Online instruction and diverse cadaver materials are now essential.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess student perspectives on various cadaveric materials used in anatomy education.
• To evaluate the utility of formalinized, soft-embalmed, computerized, and plastinated specimens.
• To understand student experiences with task-oriented anatomy learning activities.

Main Methods:

• One hundred forty-three students participated in task-oriented anatomy dissections.
• Activities included facial, recurrent laryngeal, and phrenic nerve dissections using formalinized cadavers and a virtual dissector.
• Plastinated and soft-embalmed cadavers were used for deep neck, middle ear, and airway demonstrations.

Main Results:

• Formalinized and soft-embalmed cadavers provided the most accurate anatomical detail.
• Plastinated specimens and virtual dissectors demonstrated high sustainability and reusability.
• Student perceptions varied regarding the utility of each specimen type.

Conclusions:

• Task-oriented learning in head and neck anatomy can effectively utilize diverse cadaveric materials.
• The choice of specimen impacts anatomical accuracy, utility, and sustainability.
• Balancing accuracy and resource availability is key for modern anatomy education.